I did some tests yesterday to compare rclone copy vs sync.
Here are the results
rclone v1.53.1
- os/arch: linux/amd64
- go version: go1.15
Source OS: CentOS 8
Source Host: Linode
Source CPU: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz
Source RAM: 2GB
Destination: Google Drive
Transferred Files & Folders:
Total objects: 34762
Total size: 3.382 GBytes (3631235119 Bytes)
Sync Time: 09:30:05 - 12:22:04 = 172 min
Copy Time: 12:55:04 - 19:01:09 = 366 min
Hope it helps.
Without any more information, that's really just some numbers as copy and sync are two different things and it's not quite comparing the same things.
What are you trying to show?
What's the actual commands you ran?
I thought it was evident.
--> The difference in time taken between sync & copy.
I wanted to get an estimate of the difference in time taken for replicating files between source and destination via copy & sync.
I thought sync will consume more time and less bandwidth as compared to copy but as it turns out, in my case, copy took way more time than sync.
rclone sync source destination
rclone copy source destination
Sync and copy do two different things though so what's the point of measuring them?
If you are running the same source to a clean destination, they'd take roughly the same time and would not be much different.
You'd have to run both and share a debug log to see what the difference is as your results don't make sense.
That was obvious to me. If there is nothing in the destination for sync to compare, its just copy everything, which is the same as copy.
@Animosity022
I don't have a question here & I'm not looking for any answers from you or anyone in the forum.
I did a test to decide if I should use sync or copy based on time takes and b/w used -- I have constraints on both, time & b/w from a hosted infra perspective. I understand the end goal of both commands is same.
It's fine if my logs do not make sense to you. Its did to me & I shared it here if anyone else has a similar decision to make they may have some data to start with.
If you believe my stats may be misleading or incorrect or incomplete or anything adverse, please feel free to delete my post or let me know I will be happy to do so myself.
A sync and copy use the same routines so if you are doing either from the same source to a fresh destination, the results would be the marginally the same. Your results don't seem clear so I don't want someone to draw the wrong conclusion from your data as it doesn't seem accurate, hence the request for logs and more information.
I'm asking questions to try to quantify your statements.
you did not mention that in first post.
if you can better define the parameters of two tests, that would be helpful to understand the reason for the difference in total times.
you have not posted the commands used for testing?
did you use a debug log and look for errors, perhaps there was a glitch with the internet or gdrive?
given the large number of small files transferred and the limits of gdrive in terms of files transferred per second, i would guess that the difference in total time would be something external to rclone itself.
without more details, it is just a guess
i agree with everyone here.
to me it's still not completely clear if the first test was done to an empty destination, as much as that's exactly what i would expect from such a test.
and, on my brief experience with rclone, this feels right. sync surely seem to be much faster than copy, for whatever reason.
sorry i probably won't be able to do much benchmarking and testing on this, though.
Sync is slower as it has to compare source to destination and delete on the destination so it has more operations to do.
When a file is "copied" via copy or sync, they are using the same routines so they perform identical.
not talking about theory, though. 
A copy does one thing. It copies.
A sync does two things. It copies and deletes on the destination to make the destination resemble the source.
Doing two things take longer than one thing. No theory about it 
Nothing about theory here.
his practical test and my practical (albeit too brief) experience tells another story.
i would be very surprised if there are absolutely no more practical instances of the case in which sync doesn't go much faster.
That's anecdotal evidence as both tests aren't very accurate results.
Validate your API hits via Google Drive and you'll see more for the sync since it's doing more and will take longer if all the your variables are the same.
We're debating of running to first base is faster than running to second base as to sync, you get that extra base in and regardless of the test, it always takes longer to run to two bases rather than one since they are two operation happening.
Less files skew the test as there is less difference.
More files would show a better use case of a real world test.
Google inherently is bad as copying many small files are you can only get 2-3 per second and there are so few details what actually was executed and zero logs, it's practically useless in terms of showing a repeatable copy vs sync performance.
there are at least 3 possible debates here.
you're going full theoretical, i'm not debating this. no idea how rclone should work on the background, but it still appears to me you're oversimplifying it. i do know, for instance, there are settings to build an index of files in different moments. a complex piece of code like rclone surely have more details that could easily be overseen. again, though, i have zero wish to debate this.
we could debate on the practical realm, but nobody is doing more tests. so i think we both have zero wishes here!
the actual debate i can see is only around english language and concepts, while better trying to understand each other.
thus we're both mostly being redundant. you are at least slowly adding some theoretical points, i am on the other hand contributing with much less, by only adding english redundancy.
i guess my will initially was just to share an extra data point to the speed test, but now it looks like it was of nobody's interest. it was never my intention to debate anything, yet i did engage in it a bit too much.
and now i think this is my limit, so i'll abstain myself from doing more of this.
I have plenty of tests as I copy a lot and use sync and over a year's worth of logs / data.
The problem with Google Drive is a bad 'file operation' skews a whole set of data as if you transfer a 100 files and 1 file gets a bad copy rate, it makes the whole data set look bad.
An example would be something like:
felix@gemini:~/test$ rclone copy /home/felix/test GD:test1 -P
Transferred: 1000M / 1000 MBytes, 100%, 14.201 MBytes/s, ETA 0s
Transferred: 10 / 10, 100%
Elapsed time: 1m10.8s
vs
felix@gemini:~/test$ rclone sync /home/felix/test GD:test3 -P
Transferred: 1000M / 1000 MBytes, 100%, 63.732 MBytes/s, ETA 0s
Transferred: 10 / 10, 100%
Elapsed time: 21.6s
Sync is faster, right? The issue there is I had 1 file that got a slow transfer speed so it skews the result of the test.
With a small data set in the real world, a copy and sync would take almost identical times since it's only comparing 10 files as the end to see if it needs to delete anything.
If I have 30k files, we are adding more time.
Engaging in discussion and trying to understand how things work is superb and how we all learn.
I've been right and wrong and I'm sure that will continue throughout as I ask a lot of question and challenge things.
In this case as I'd like to say at work, I'd bet a paycheck a sync has more overhead and generally takes longer than running just a copy command.
That's always a choice you can make but I really thought it was a healthy discussion from my perspective.
well, since you're enjoying it so much AND so willing to do tests, i can try once more for today...
simply put, the more randomised* tests there are, the better to be sure.
if it's all about google, just do more tests outside of google.
ideally there would be an option under the configuration to contribute with anonymous data for things like this.
perhaps you know better than i, there is a variance expected for something like sync being faster than copy, unexpectedly like this... in general i think that's like 20% of the time, so if it is indeed a random event that's causing this unexpected result, it would be rather normal to see it happening by pure chance 1 out of 5 times, with a big enough dataset. not sure this is the number or this is the case, though! it's just hopefully good to have in mind that randomness* is both unexpected and still somewhat measurable.
* and in both cases marked with an asterisk, i'm talking about different kinds of random. there are too many kinds of random and chaos... much more than the 20 or 30 different kinds of snow that get different names by eskimos. but we don't (or i certainly don't) have names for them.
since my sync and dedupe takes almost always less a bit than 1h (except once, the very first time, it took 2h) and the only copy i've tried so far is taking over 4h, i would be slightly interested to know if i should keep using only sync.
at the same time, i hope i won't be needing or using this gdrive for much longer this year. if even once more.
out to rest/sleep now. 
That depends on what is random. I can control much of my test minus what Google actually does. If you are maxing out upload/download/CPU/things that are inside of one's control, that makes the the data worse and skews the results as well. The goal would be to test how Google reacts to changes/parameters/etc while removing out the client side of that and making it more 'stable'.
My backend experience/testing/months/years of data comes from Google Drive as I don't use other backends.
I have monitoring to measure my home bandwidth, all normal hot spots on my Linux machine and lots and lots of data.
Some daily examples:
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I do get some bad days in there where Google just does not play nice and I normally max my gigabit, but some days, Google doesn't give me good rates. I have a little over two years of data (713 days).
My copies/sync use the defaults for transfers/checkers and since I mainly move large files, I change to 1G drive-chunk-size.
You'd have to share a log for each and we can see the difference. You can check the Google API Console and see exactly what's going on and what generates more API hits if you can ensure you are measuring just the one "process" that you have going on as I have one API key setup for my copies.
An example of my copy last night and you can see the breakdown of the API hits.
If your sync is doing less API than your copy, something would be off and that should be investigated.
i can't recommend enough for everyone to learn more about chaos and randomness (hope i'm not repeating myself too much here) without trying to put order into it.
it should be taught from basic school alongside math and history until doctoral alongside philosophy 404 and programming logic.
that is, supposing school should even be so scholar like that...
now...
you really need to get out of google to test issues with google even if not for anything else, because it's easily possible to do so (unlike testing for other forms of life such as the carbon based ones we know, for instance).
your tests there seem to average out at around 85mb/s which is a rather high speed and looks stable enough to me. even the bumpiness is expected under any normal circumstance. no idea what other meaning to extract from them. but they say nothing about copy vs sync.
sorry, but i won't bother with my google api and hopefully i won't need to bother with testing as well. just let it go, i don't need help there. 
(i do need help on my other topic, though. have you seen it?)
on another note: more than testing outside google, i used google for about 20 years and i had been on gmail before since the beta. i also can't stress enough on how blind and stupid i was to trust google with organising my data. i'm talking about the very core thing that google have always promised: offering a good way to organise the world data. they're actually terrible at it. despite some good deeds now and then. just terrible and way more biased than almost everyone would like to believe. please, do yourself a favour and give an honest try outside their system.
Good luck as I can see we've taken a turn away from looking at the data and moved into a different direction.
haha yes...
all the way to a dead end. 
