Depends how you configured client_id and client_secret:
Keeping the application in "Testing" will work as well, but the limitation is that any grants will expire after a week, which can be annoying to refresh constantly. If, for whatever reason, a short grant time is not a problem, then keeping the application in testing mode would also be sufficient.
I cannot "Publish" the app, as I need a Workspace account for this. And , even in that case, it will require informations that I cannot supply, such as:
An official link to your app's Privacy Policy
A YouTube video showing how you plan to use the Google user data you get from scopes
A written explanation telling Google why you need access to sensitive and/or restricted user data
All your domains verified in Google Search Console
You keep application in testing so token expires in one week - this is how it works - no surprise here.
This is Google Drive client ID I use - I do not have Workspace account - I use External - you just stop at this screen - maybe you clicked 'Back to testing'. I do not prepare anything for verification.
DO NOT create any test user -> Save and continue ->Back to Dashboard
Credentials again -> Create Credentials -> OAuth client ID
Choose "Desktop App", enter the app name ->CREATE
OAuth consent screen in the left panel-> click PUBLISH APP
DONE - do not prepare any verification or go back to testing. You can close the browser create new remote with your new client_id and client_secret and start using it
That's what I did few days ago, except I did create a test user. Anyway now I have clicked on Publish and my screen is like yours. But I still don't get the scary screen at authorization.