How can I access my encrypted files if I deleted the remote and/or deleted the config file

yes, this needs work.

great, as i mentioned, you are more than welcome to edit the docs.
https://forum.rclone.org/t/how-to-update-the-rclone-docs/16515
or if you think that rclone config process, needs a tweak,
then you can edit the docs for that or submit a Pull Request.
https://github.com/rclone/rclone/pulls