The best way to test filters is just use rclone ls and make sure the output is displaying what you want before you do a sync and you can use --dry-run with the sync to validate things.
Filters-from is read from top down, and will match in order so if you exclude that first line, nothing after it will match. You want to setup the most restrictive rules first and work your way down the list.
So flip it around to match the files:
+ /AppData/MuseScore/**
+ /AppData/tasknotes/**
+ /AppData/Zotero/AUTH/**
- /AppData/**
The ** will match all files and directories underneath it.